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#1295a49e-2149-41e4-a1ac-7e5aebcdba7f中等解答题恒成立与端点效应导数

17.(2023春•驻马店月考)已知函数f(x)=x24xf(x)=\frac{{x}^{2}}{4}-\sqrt{x}. (1)求曲线y=f(x)y=f(x)在点(4(4ff(4)))处的切线方程; (2)若f(x)af(x)\geqslant a恒成立,求aa的取值范围.

解析
【解答】解:(1)<span>f(x)=(x)/(2)/12(x)\because<span>f (x)=(x)/(2)-/12√(x)</span>f(4)=74</span>f\prime (4)=\frac{7}{4}ff(4)=2=2. 则曲线y=f(x)y=f(x)在点(4(4ff(4)))处的切线方程为y2=74(x4)y-2=\frac{7}{4}(x-4), 即7x4y20=07x-4y-20=0. (2)\becausef(x)=xx12xf\prime (x)=\frac{x\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}}, 令函数g(x)=xx1g(x)=x\sqrt{x}-1g(x)=3x20g\prime (x)=\frac{3\sqrt{x}}{2}\geqslant 0. 所以g(x)g(x)(0,+)(0,+\infty )上单调递增. 因为gg(1)=0=0,所以当x>1x>1时,xx1>0x\sqrt{x}-1>0,即f(x)>0f\prime (x)>0, 当0<x<10<x<1时,xx1<0x\sqrt{x}-1<0,即f(x)<0f\prime (x)<0, 所以f(x)f(x)(0,1)(0,1)上单调递减,在(1,+)(1,+\infty )上单调递增, 则f(x)f(1)=34f(x)\geqslant f(1)=-\frac{3}{4}. 因为f(x)af(x)\geqslant a恒成立,所以a34a\leqslant -\frac{3}{4}. 故aa的取值范围为(,34](-\infty ,-\frac{3}{4}]